Department of Languages, Literatures and Cultures

Department website: https://www.towson.edu/cla/departments/languages-literatures-cultures/

Liberal Arts Building 4210
Phone: 410-704-2883
Fax: 410-704-4290
Email: llc@towson.edu

Programs of the Department 

  • Major in Deaf Studies
  • Major in Foreign Languages with concentrations in:
    • French 
    • French Education
    • Spanish 
    • Spanish Education
  • Minor in Chinese, French, German, Italian, Japanese or Spanish
  • Minor in Deaf Studies
  • Language Elective, for all students who wish to acquire a reading or conversational ability in one of the following languages:
  1. Arabic
  2. Chinese (Mandarin)
  3. Biblical Hebrew
  4. Modern Hebrew
  5. Ancient Greek
  6. Japanese
  7. Latin
  8. Russian

Expansion of these non-major languages will be made in response to expressed student interest. Students who major or minor in Foreign Languages must declare their concentrations in the department and are required to have academic advisers in their major and minor field and maintain close contact with the faculty advisers in order to select and prepare their course of study. Majors should see their advisers at least once a term. It is recommended that the concentration be declared before or during the sophomore year.

Culture and Civilization Course Requirement

The requirement of 6 upper-division units of culture and civilization for Foreign Language majors in the Spanish Concentration is strongly felt by the Spanish faculty to be a necessity in the program. This is primarily because of the great diversity of Spanish-speaking countries in Europe, South America, Central America and the Caribbean, and the importance of the knowledge of this diversity for all who teach or otherwise use Spanish. French-language literature, culture, and civilization are an essential aspect of the French program and the study of Francophone cultures and civilizations, in all their diversity, cannot be separated from the study of the language and ­literature.

Double Tracks or Majors

The department encourages its majors to carry an additional concentration in either another language or to combine their language with another field of study. Interested students should consult the department.

Language Minor

The minor programs in French, German, Chinese, Italian, Japanese and Spanish provide majors in other disciplines with the educational language background necessary to enhance their career opportunities. Language minors may transfer up to 6 units toward a minor. Transfer students may then complete up to 6 units off campus through Towson University’s study abroad and away or Maryland state inter-institutional exchange. All minors must complete at least 6 upper-level units as on-campus course work at TU. The minor should be approved by the student’s department adviser. Minors in all languages need a C or higher in each completed course applied toward the minor.

Meeting B.A. Requirements 

Completion of the intermediate level of a foreign language (201 and 202) or its equivalent is required of all Bachelor of Arts degree candidates. This requirement may be met by:

  1. completing two or more years of the language in high school plus intermediate levels I and II in college;
  2. completing the elementary- and intermediate-level courses of the language in college;
  3. successfully completing one term of any course beyond the intermediate level; or
  4. successfully completing a Departmental Challenge Exam in any language offered at the 301–302 level at TU administered each November by the Department of Languages, Literatures and Cultures.

Departmental Challenge Exam

The Department of Languages, Literatures & Cultures offers an opportunity for students to receive college credits for language proficiency they may have acquired through life experiences, personal study and/or military course work. Students can elect to test for a total of 6 credits at the 301/302 level in Arabic, Chinese, French, German, Hebrew, Italian, Japanese, and Spanish, and at the 205/304 level in American Sign Language. The challenge exam tests oral and written proficiency in spoken languages and signacy in American Sign Language. There is no departmental exam offered to earn elementary or intermediate units in any language. An overall exam score of A is required in order to receive 6 units; an exam score of B entitles the student to 3 units. The Challenge Exam is usually offered once a year, in November, for most languages. The Challenge Exam for Spanish is offered once a semester. The application form can be found on the department website. Students who are interested in taking the Challenge Exam for Spanish in the Spring or wish to inquire about additional dates for other languages, should contact the department. 

Placement In Languages 

The department reserves the right to assess and place students in the language level appropriate to their prior learning and/or native or heritage speaking skills. Students wishing to enroll in Spanish classes who do not already have college credit for the language must take the online placement test. The department offers online placement testing in French, German, Italian, Russian and Spanish, for all incoming freshman and transfer students who do not have college credit in the language. The link to the placement exam can be found on the department website. Students with previous knowledge of any other language offered by the department who wish to enroll in a language class should contact the appropriate language coordinator or the department chair.

Honors Program 

The department participates in the Honors College. Students interested in completing a language major with departmental honors should consult the departmental honors faculty coordinator no later than the first term of their junior year.

Special Departmental Programs 

The department sponsors the Eta Gamma Chapter of the National Spanish Honor Society, Sigma Delta Pi, and encourages all Spanish students to participate in the activities of the society. The department also sponsors the Kappa Pi chapter of the National French Honor Society, Phi Delta Phi and Gamma Kappa Alpha, the National Italian Honor Society.

The department offers an internship program through TU’s Career Center.

Faculty-led study abroad and away programs are available for students interested in studying abroad in a variety of destinations around the world.

Oral Proficiency Interview (OPI)

As part of the requirements for graduation, teacher candidates in French and Spanish must complete the Oral Proficiency Interview (OPI), administered by an interviewer certified by the American Council on the Teaching of Foreign Languages (ACTFL). While candidates may take the OPI at any time during their course of study, the requirement should be completed no later than the end of the term in which the candidate is enrolled in SCED 499. Teacher candidates consult with their adviser in the Department of Languages, Literatures and Cultures regarding OPI requirements, application procedures and testing fees.

Teacher candidates from TU who are seeking certification in Maryland are required to achieve a level of “Advanced Low” in the OPI. The Department of Languages, Literatures and Cultures will provide numerous opportunities for candidates to meet the “Advanced Low” standard through its study abroad and away programs, service-learning opportunities, tutoring, language clubs and on-campus events such as film festivals and guest speakers. Students are also encouraged to seek out their own opportunities through volunteer work requiring their language skills, through the formation of practice groups with other language students and native speakers on campus, and through viewing films and ­television programs in the language they will be teaching.

Note for Foreign Language students: Courses at the levels of 101, 102, 201, 202, 301 and 302 in any language offered by the Department of Languages, Literatures and Cultures are not open to students who have completed or tested at a higher level in the same language.

Courses

ARAB 101 ARABIC ELEMENTS I (3)

Introduction to standard modern Arabic. Emphasis on learning script and phonology to build vocabulary and syntactic structure of the language and communicative competence. Not open to native or heritage speakers without consent of instructor. Core: Arts & Humanities.

ARAB 102 ARABIC ELEMENTS II (3)

Review and further study of elementary modern standard Arabic. Emphasis on learning script and phonology to build vocabulary and syntactic structure of the language and general communicative competence. Not open to native or heritage speakers without consent of instructor. Prerequisite ARAB 101. Core: Global Perspectives.

ARAB 201 ARABIC INTERMEDIATE I (3)

Review of grammar and pronunciation; conversation; reading of cultural texts; oral and written exercises in language lab. Conducted in Arabic. Not open to native or heritage speakers without consent of instructor. Prerequisite: ARAB 102 or equivalent. Core: Arts & Humanities.

ARAB 202 ARABIC INTERMEDIATE II (3)

Advanced grammar structures; conversation; composition; reading of cultural texts; oral and written exercises in language lab. Conducted in Arabic. Not open to native or heritage speakers without consent of instructor. Prerequisite: ARAB 201 or equivalent. Core: Global Perspectives.

ARAB 301 ARABIC COMPOSITION AND CONVERSATION I (3)

Reading, conversation, and composition on topics of cultural and literary interest; review of grammar and syntax as needed. Conducted in Arabic. Prerequisite: ARAB 202 or equivalent. Core: Arts & Humanities.

ARAB 302 ARABIC COMPOSITION AND CONVERSATION II (3)

Reading, conversation, and composition on topics of cultural and literary interest; review of grammar and syntax as needed. Conducted in Arabic. Prerequisite: ARAB 301 or equivalent. Core: Global Perspectives.

CHNS 101 ELEMENTARY CHINESE I (3)

An introduction to standard modern Mandarin Chinese, with focus on Pinyin, the Chinese phonetic system and Hanzi, the writing system of Chinese characters. Building fundamental skills of listening, speaking, reading and writing in Chinese. Core: Arts & Humanities.

CHNS 102 ELEMENTARY CHINESE II (3)

Review and building fundamental skills of listening, speaking, reading and writing in Mandarin Chinese. Prerequisite: CHNS 101. Core: Global Perspectives.

CHNS 201 INTERMEDIATE CHINESE I (3)

Review of Elementary Chinese, enhancing skills of listening, speaking, reading and writing in Mandarin Chinese. Prerequisite: CHNS 102.Core: Arts & Humanities.

CHNS 202 INTERMEDIATE CHINESE II (3)

Review of Elementary Chinese, introducing some advanced grammar structures, with continuing enhancement of the skills of listening, speaking, reading and writing in Mandarin Chinese. Prerequisite: CHNS 201. Core: Global Perspectives.

CHNS 301 CHINESE COMPOSITION AND CONVERSATION I (3)

Intensive exercises in Chinese conversation and composition beyond the intermediate level. Conducted in Chinese. Prerequisite: CHNS 202 or equivalent. Core: Arts & Humanities.

CHNS 302 CHINESE COMPOSITION AND CONVERSATION II (3)

Intensive exercises in Chinese conversation and composition beyond the intermediate level. Conducted in Chinese. Prerequisite: CHNS 301 or equivalent. Core: Global Perspectives.

CHNS 306 CHINESE CULTURE IN PRACTICE (3)

An introduction to the history, culture, technique, and social significance of the arts of Chinese calligraphies, Chinese traditional painting, seal making, and Chinese classic poetry in relation to these arts. Conducted in Chinese. Prerequisite: CHNS 202 or equivalent.

CHNS 311 CHINESE CULTURE AND CIVILIZATION (3)

Value-system and way of life as embodied in the language, history, arts and customs of China. Conducted in Chinese. Prerequisite: CHNS 202 or equivalent.

CHNS 312 CHINESE MEDIA AND POP CULTURE (3)

An introduction to Chinese media and pop culture through Chinese TV shows, films, pop music, advertisements, internet hotlines, and prevailing public rhetoric. Conducted in Chinese. Prerequisite: CHNS 202.

CHNS 331 CHINESE FOR BUSINESS (3)

Introduction to Chinese business and economy, with practice in functional spoken and written transactions in Chinese. Prerequisite: CHNS 202 or equivalent.

CHNS 341 CHINESE CINEMA (3)

An introduction to Chinese cinema produced in Mainland China, Hong Kong, and Taiwan. Conducted in Chinese. Prerequisite: CHNS 202.

CHNS 370 SPECIAL TOPICS IN CHINESE (3)

Specialized topics in language and culture. Content varies. May be repeated for a total of 12 units provided a different topic is covered. Prerequisite: CHNS 202 or equivalent.

CHNS 491 DIR READ CHINESE I (3)

Intensive reading under the supervision of a departmental advisor. Conducted in Chinese. Prerequisites: CHNS 301 or CHNS 302; consent of department chair.

CHNS 492 DIR READ CHINESE II (3)

Intensive reading under the supervision of a departmental advisor. Conducted in Chinese. Prerequisites: CHNS 301 or CHNS 302; consent of department chair.

CHNS 494 CHNS STUDY ABROAD (3-16)

The study of Chinese language, culture, and/or literature at a university in China, Taiwan or Hong Kong. Available fall/spring/summer. (See department chair and Office of International Education.) Prerequisite: consent of the Foreign Languages Department program coordinator and department chair.

DFST 101 INTRODUCTION TO DEAF STUDIES (3)

Multidisciplinary introduction to concepts and issues in Deaf culture and the Deaf community. No prior knowledge of ASL is required. Core: Diversity & Difference.

DFST 104 AMERICAN SIGN LANGUAGE I (3)

Emphasizes receptive and expressive conversational skills in American Sign Language. Class will be conducted in a silent classroom (no use of voice allowed). Non-verbal communication skills and basic interpretive practice will be provided. Taught in ASL. Students who have successfully completed the honors version of this course (DFST 114) will not receive additional credit for this course. Core: Arts & Humanities.

DFST 105 AMERICAN SIGN LANGUAGE II (3)

Continued skill development in expressive and receptive American Sign Language begun in ASL I. Taught in ASL. Prerequisite: DFST 104.

DFST 114 HONORS AMERICN SIGN LANGUAGE I (3)

Receptive and expressive conversational skills in American Sign Language. Class will be conducted in a silent classroom (no use of voices allowed). Non-verbal communication skills and basic interpretive practice will be provided. Honors College course. Students who have successfully completed the non-honors version of this course will not receive additional credit for this course. Prerequisite: Honors College status. Core: Arts & Humanities.

DFST 204 AMERICAN SIGN LANGUAGE III (3)

Intermediate grammatical features of ASL, vocabulary, conversational skills, as well as information on the culture of the Deaf Community. Taught in ASL. Prerequisite: DFST 105.

DFST 205 AMERICAN SIGN LANGUAGE IV (3)

Advanced grammatical features of ASL, vocabulary, conversational skills, and involvement with the Deaf Community. Taught in ASL. Prerequisite: DFST 204.

DFST 210 CAREER EXPLORATION IN DEAF STUDIES (3)

Careers using sign languages and working with Deaf people. Taught in ASL. Prerequisites: DFST 101 and DFST 104.

DFST 220 INTRODUCTION TO INTERPRETING (3)

Introduction to the art and profession of interpreting for Deaf and hearing people, designed for students with some knowledge of sign language and the Deaf community. Prerequisites: DFST 101 and DFST 104.

DFST 304 AMERICAN SIGN LANGUAGE V (3)

Advanced ASL vocabulary and conversational skills. Taught in ASL. Prerequisites: DFST 101 and DFST 205.

DFST 306 CLASSIFIERS IN ASL (3)

In-depth study of the use of classifiers, a unique class of nouns incorporating hand and body articulators to become verbs of motion and location, and to describe size and shape. Taught in ASL. Prerequisite: DFST 204.

DFST 308 FINGERSPELLING AND NUMBER USAGE (3)

Development and refinement of expressive and repetitive fingerspelling skills and number usage skills through the use of classroom activities, media resources, and assignments. Taught in ASL. Prerequisite: DFST 204.

DFST 309 INTRODUCTION TO DEAFBLIND CULTURE AND COMMUNICATION (3)

Orientation to the lives of people with both hearing and vision loss. Including methods of communicating, techniques for guiding, information on assistive technology, and DeafBlind culture and community. Taught in ASL. Prerequisite: DFST 345.

DFST 311 FUNDAMENTALS OF HEARING (3)

Acoustics, psychoacoustics, anatomy, physiology and pathologies of the hearing mechanism. Assessment of auditory function. Demographics and cultural considerations, management and social impact of being Deaf/deaf or hard of hearing. Taught in English. Prerequisites: a grade of C (2.0) or higher in one Core science course that includes both lecture and lab; majors only.

DFST 318 SOCIAL SERVICES IN THE DEAF COMMUNITY (3)

Examination of a variety of social service delivery systems providing support to the Deaf Community. Off-campus service learning experience required. Taught in ASL. Prerequisites: DFST 101 and DFST 205.

DFST 345 DEAF CULTURE (3)

Cultural perspectives on the lives of Deaf and hard of hearing persons who use American Sign Language. Historical evolution of educational, legal, political and philosophical influences affecting the Deaf community. Taught in ASL. Prerequisites: DFST 101 and DFST 205.

DFST 375 DEAF HISTORY (3)

Examines the history of the creation and cultural construction of the Deaf community in a transatlantic context. Taught in ASL. Prerequisite: DFST 345.

DFST 410 INTERNSHIP IN DEAF STUDIES (3)

Supervised field experience with children and/or adults who are D/deaf, DeafBlind, and/or hard of hearing, and use American Sign Language (ASL) as a primary mode of communication in a target environment. 120 hours of field placement. S/U Grading. Prerequisites: DFST 205, DFST 210, DFST 345, DFST 375, DFST 430, major status, and consent of the department.

DFST 425 LITERATURE AND FILM IN THE DEAF COMMUNITY (3)

Exploration of the rich traditions of Deaf persons and their experiences through novels, stories, drama, poetry, folklore, humor, and other forms of literature and film. Taught in ASL. Prerequisites: DFST 101 and DFST 205.

DFST 430 LINGUISTICS OF AMERICAN SIGN LANGUAGE (3)

Analysis of the major structural features of American Sign Language: phonology, morphology, syntax, semantics, discourse. Taught in ASL. Prerequisite: DFST 375.

DFST 435 DEVELOPMENT OF SIGNED LANGUAGE AND READING SKILLS FOR DEAF CHILDREN (3)

Integration of signed language development and reading skills in the area of research and education for Deaf/deaf children. Taught in ASL. Prerequisite: DFST 430.

DFST 475 SPECIAL TOPICS IN DFST (3)

Special Topics in Deaf Studies. Prerequisite: DFST 430.

DFST 495 SERVICE LEARNING IN DEAF STUDIES (3)

Service learning opportunity in a specific area of the student's interest approved by the sponsoring faculty member. 90-hour on-site experience in an agency serving Deaf and hard-of-hearing individuals under the supervision of a qualified supervisor. Can be repeated for a maximum of 6 units. Prerequisites: DFST 101 with a minimum grade of 2.0 (C), DFST 205 with a minimum grade of 2.67 (B-), and department consent.

DFST 496 INDEPENDENT STUDY IN DEAF STUDIES (1-3)

Independent study in selected areas of Deaf Studies. Course is repeatable for up to maximum of 6 units provided different topics are covered. Prerequisites: DFST 430 and consent of the instructor.

DFST 497 DIRECTED READINGS IN DEAF STUDIES (3)

Directed readings and research in specific topics in Deaf Studies. Can be repeated up to a maximum of 6 units. Prerequisites: DFST 345 and consent of department.

DFST 498 PROCTORING IN DEAF STUDIES (3)

Students serve as teaching assistants or proctors in a course which they have already completed. Course is repeatable for a maximum of 6 units. Prerequisites: grade equivalent of 3.00 GPA or higher in course to be proctored, and consent of department.

FORL 101 INTRO FOREIGN LANGUAGE I (2-4)

Principles of general grammar; drills in pronunciation; elementary conversation; composition; readings. Core category 5: Arts & Humanities.

FORL 102 INTRO FOREIGN LANGUAGE II (2-4)

Review and further study of grammar principles; pronunciation; conversation; composition; readings. Prerequisite: FORL 101. Core: Global Perspectives.

FORL 201 INTERMED FOREIGN LANGUAGE I (2-4)

Core category 5 Arts & Humanities.

FORL 325 STORIES OF MIGRATION (3)

Narratives of migration in the U.S., including themes such as race, war, nationalism, gender, stereotypes in the media, religion, and language. May be repeated for additional credit with a different topic. Prerequisites: ENGL 102 or ENGL 190, or equivalent. Core 13: Diversity & Difference.

FORL 360 ITALIAN CULTURE IN A GLOBAL CONTEXT (3)

Analysis of fundamental aspects of Italian culture, arts, and society, and of their connections to forces driving global changes. Taught in English. No prior knowledge of Italian is required. May be repeated for additional credit with a different topic. Prerequisite: ENGL 102 or ENGL 190, or equivalent. Core: Global Perspectives.

FORL 370 SPECIAL TOPICS IN LANGUAGES, LITERATURES AND CULTURES (3)

Special topics in language and culture. Content varies. May be repeated once for a total of 6 units provided a different topic is covered. Prerequisite: ENGL 102 or ENGL 190, or equivalent.

FREN 101 FRENCH ELEMENTS I (3)

Principles of French grammar; drills in pronunciation; elementary conversation; composition; readings. Core: Arts & Humanities.

FREN 102 FRENCH ELEMENTS II (3)

Review and further study of grammar principles; pronunciation; conversation; composition; readings. Prerequisite: FREN 101 or equivalent. Core: Global Perspectives.

FREN 201 FRENCH INTERMEDIATE I (3)

Review of grammar; conversation; composition; reading of cultural texts; oral and written exercises in language lab. Conducted in French. Prerequisite: FREN 102 or the equivalent. Core: Arts & Humanities.

FREN 202 FRENCH INTERMEDIATE II (3)

Advanced grammar structures; conversation; composition; readings of cultural texts; oral and written exercises in language labs. Conducted in French. Prerequisite: FREN 201 or equivalent. Core: Global Perspectives.

FREN 301 ADVANCED CONVERSATION (3)

Spoken French beyond the intermediate level with focus on pronunciation, phonetics, oral presentations, listening comprehension and conversation. Prerequisites: FREN 201 and FREN 202 or equivalent. Core: Arts & Humanities.

FREN 302 ADVANCED COMPOSITION (3)

Development of written French beyond the intermediate level. Introduction to different forms of textual analysis with readings from both literary and non-literary sources. Prerequisite: FREN 201 and FREN 202 or equivalent. Core: Global Perspectives.

FREN 310 FRENCH PHONETICS (3)

Correction of French pronunciation and analysis of spoken French through intensive oral/aural practice. Prerequisites: FREN 301 and FREN 302.

FREN 325 EARLY FRENCH LITERATURE AND CIVILIZATION: MIDDLE AGES TO 17TH CENTURY (3)

Survey of literature of France from the Middle Ages to the end of the 17th century in its cultural context. Conducted in French. Prerequisites: FREN 301 and FREN 302, or equivalent.

FREN 326 18TH-CENTURY LITERATURE AND CIVILIZATION (3)

Survey of 18th century French literature in its cultural context. Conducted in French. Prerequisites: FREN 301 and FREN 302, or equivalent.

FREN 327 19TH-CENTURY LITERATURE AND CIVILIZATION (3)

Survey of 19th century French literature in its cultural context. Conducted in French. Prerequisites: FREN 301 and FREN 302, or equivalent.

FREN 328 20TH-CENTURY LITERATURE AND CIVILIZATION (3)

Survey of the literature of the first half of the 20th century in its cultural context. Conducted in French. Prerequisites: FREN 301 and FREN 302, or equivalent.

FREN 329 CONTEMPORARY FRENCH LITERATURE AND CIVILIZATION: 1945 TO PRESENT (3)

Survey of literature of the second half of the 20th century and its cultural context with an emphasis on works dealing with issues in contemporary France and the Francophone world. Conducted in French. Prerequisites: FREN 301 and FREN 302, or equivalent.

FREN 330 FRANCOPHONE LITERATURE AND CIVILIZATION (3)

Survey of Francophone literature of 20th and 21st century in its cultural context with an emphasis on themes such as colonialism, decolonization, the role of women in society, encounters between Islamic and Western traditions, and linguistic choice in non-European French-speaking countries. Prerequisites: FREN 301 and FREN 302 or the equivalent.

FREN 331 FRENCH FOR BUSINESS (3)

Introduction to French business and economy, with practice in functional spoken and written transactions in French. Prerequisite: FREN 202 or equivalent, or department consent.

FREN 351 INTRODUCTION TO TRANSLATION: FRENCH TO ENGLISH (3)

Training in translation, principally French to English, from magazines and books from a wide variety of disciplines. Prerequisites: FREN 301 and FREN 302.

FREN 370 SPECIAL TOPICS IN FRENCH (3)

Specialized topics in language and culture. Content varies. May be repeated for a maximum of 6 units provided a different topic is covered. Prerequisites: FREN 301 and FREN 302, or equivalent.

FREN 391 ADVANCED FRENCH GRAMMAR (3)

French syntax, idiomatic construction, word formation. Conversation, oral and written drill. Conducted in French. Prerequisites: FREN 301 and FREN 302.

FREN 402 APPLIED FRENCH LINGUISTICS (3)

Phonetics, morphology, syntax, points of interference. Linguistic study relating to methodology for French teachers. Prerequisites: FREN 301 and FREN 302, or equivalent.

FREN 407 CREATIVE WRITING IN FRENCH (3)

Development of composition skills through creative writing. Conducted in French. Prerequisites: FREN 301 and FREN 302 or equivalent.

FREN 420 FRANCE TODAY THROUGH THE MEDIA (3)

Study of contemporary French society with a focus on major issues as portrayed in the press, on television and in film. Prerequisite: FREN 301 and FREN 302 or equivalent.

FREN 422 CULTURES OF THE MAGHREB (3)

Cultures of the Maghreb from the 20th and 21st century, including themes such as identity politics, postcolonialism, and linguistic tensions in North Africa. Conducted in French. Prerequisites: FREN 325, FREN 326, FREN 327, FREN 328, FREN 329, or FREN 330, or consent of the instructor.

FREN 424 TRAVEL WRITING (3)

French-Language Travel Writing. Examination of a variety of French and Francophone literary, scientific, and narrative texts related to travel. Topics vary. May consist of a survey of the field, or focus on texts related to a single region, a historical period, a genre, or a theme. Conducted in French. Prerequisite: FREN 325, FREN 326, FREN 327, FREN 328, FREN 329, or FREN 330, or consent of the instructor.

FREN 470 SPECIAL TOPICS IN FRENCH (3)

Discussion of a central topic with changing emphasis from year to year. May be repeated for a maximum of 12 units provided a different topic is covered. Prerequisite: one of the following courses: FREN 325, FREN 326, FREN 327, FREN 328, FREN 329, or FREN 330; or consent of the instructor.

FREN 491 DIRECTED READING IN FRENCH LITERATURE (1-3)

Reserved for superior students under the guidance of a departmental adviser. May be repeated for a maximum of 9 units. Conducted in French. Prerequisites: minimum 3 units of literature study at the 400-level, and consent of department chair.

FREN 493 HONORS DIRECTED READINGS (3)

Individual readings and background research under direction of a faculty member in preparation for writing an honors thesis.

FREN 494 TRAVEL AND STUDY ABROAD (3-16)

French language, culture, civilization and literature at approved study abroad sites in France. Prerequisite: Approval of department chair.

FREN 495 INTERNSHIP FOR PROFICIENCY IN FRENCH (3)

Supervised experience in a work setting providing students the opportunity to apply classroom learning and skills outside the academic world. Students receive 3 units for 8 hours of work per week. Junior or senior undergraduate students in good academic standing and who meet the requirements established for Proficiency in French should apply for membership during the month of November for the spring semester and during the month of April for the fall semester.

FREN 497 INTERNSHIP IN FRENCH (3)

Designed to give training and experience using French in working with government, business, and industry in Maryland or Washington, D.C. under professional supervision.

FREN 499 HONORS THESIS IN FRENCH (3-6)

Writing of an honors thesis based on individual research. Open only to advanced honors candidates.

GERM 101 GERMAN ELEMENTS I (3)

Principles of German grammar; drills in pronunciation; elementary conversation; composition; readings. Core: Arts & Humanities.

GERM 102 GERMAN ELEMENTS II (3)

Review and further study of grammar principles; pronunciation; conversation; composition; readings. Prerequisite: GERM 101 or equivalent. Core: Global Perspectives.

GERM 201 GERMAN INTERMEDIATE I (3)

Review of grammar and pronunciation; conversation; composition; reading of cultural texts; oral and written exercises in language lab. Conducted in German. Prerequisite: GERM 102 or equivalent. Core: Arts & Humanities.

GERM 202 GERMAN INTERMEDIATE II (3)

Advanced grammar structures; conversation; composition; reading of cultural texts; oral and written exercises in language lab. Conducted in German. Prerequisite: GERM 201 or equivalent. Core: Global Perspectives.

GERM 301 GERMAN COMPOSITION AND CONVERSATION I (3)

Reading, conversation, and composition on topics of cultural and literary interest; grammar and syntax. Conducted in German. Prerequisite: GERM 202 or equivalent. Core: Arts & Humanities.

GERM 302 GERMAN COMPOSITION AND CONVERSATION II (3)

Reading, conversation, and composition on topics of cultural and literary interest; grammar and syntax. Conducted in German. Prerequisite: GERM 301 or equivalent. Core: Global Perspectives.

GERM 303 GERMAN TRANSLATION (3)

Translation of texts of increasing difficulty from and to German.

GERM 311 CULTURE AND CIVILIZATION (3)

A brief survey of the history, geography, and institutions of Germany. Conducted in German.

GERM 321 SURV GERM LIT I (3)

German literature from the 18th century to the present. Conducted in German.

GERM 331 GERMAN FOR BUSINESS (3)

Vocabulary and phraseology of German business correspondence for active and passive use in a business environment.

GERM 341 READINGS IN CONTEMPORARY GERMAN (3)

Reading and comprehension of non-literary texts.

GERM 370 SPECIAL TOPICS IN GERMAN (3)

Specialized topics in language and culture. Content varies. May be repeated once for a total of 6 units provided a different topic is covered. Prerequisite: GERM 202 or equivalent.

GERM 391 ADVANCED GERMAN GRAMMAR (3)

German syntax, idiomatic construction, word formation, original composition. Conversation and oral drill. Conducted in German.

GERM 392 ADVANCED GERMAN (3)

Integrated approach to improving speaking, listening, writing and reading. Conducted in German.

GERM 401 GERMAN PHONETICS (3)

Pronunciation and drill in contemporary German. Conducted in German. Not open to native speakers of German.

GERM 427 GERMAN CLASSICISM (3)

Goethe, Schiller, Lessing and others. Conducted in German. Prerequisite: GERM 311 or GERM 341 or equivalent.

GERM 431 ROMANTICISM (3)

German literature during the Romantic era (1790-1830). Hoelderlin, Novalis, Tieck, Brentano, Grillparzer. Conducted in German.

GERM 441 MODERN GERMAN LITERATURE (3)

The modern masters: Kafka, Mann, Hesse, Rilke, Brecht. Conducted in German. Prerequisite: GERM 311 or GERM 341 or equivalent.

GERM 442 GERMAN LIT SI 1945 (3)

Themes and movements since World War II. Poetry: Eich, Enzensberger, Cean, Bachmann; prose fiction: Boell, Grass; drama: Borchert, Duerrenmatt, Frisch. Conducted in German.

GERM 461 GER DRAMA 19,20C (3)

The development of modern German drama in the successive literary movements, beginning with Kleist. Conducted in German.

GERM 465 GOETHE'S FAUST (3)

A study of the background, themes and structures of this masterpiece. Conducted in German. Prerequisites: GERM 311 or GERM 341 or equivalent.

GERM 470 SPECIAL TOPICS IN GERMAN (3)

Discussion of a central topic with changing emphasis from year to year. Conducted in German. May be repeated for a total of 6 units provided a different topic is covered. Prerequisite: GERM 311 or GERM 341 or equivalent.

GERM 481 THE GERMAN NOVELLE (3)

The theory and development of the Novelle in German Literature from Goethe to the present. Conducted in German. Prerequisite: GERM 311 or GERM 341 or equivalent.

GERM 491 DIRECTED READINGS IN GERMAN (1-3)

Reserved for superior students under the guidance of a departmental advisor. Content related to student's previous program.

GERM 492 DIRECTED READINGS IN GERMAN (3)

Reserved for superior students under the guidance of a departmental advisor. Content related to student's previous program.

GERM 494 TRAVEL STUDY ABROAD (3-16)

German language, culture, civilization and literature at approved study abroad sites in German Speaking Europe. Prerequisite: GERM 202 or equivalent.

GERM 495 INTERNSHIP FOR THE PROFICIENT GERMAN (3)

Supervised experience in a work setting providing students the opportunity to apply their classroom learning and skills outside the academic world. Students receive 3 units for eight hours or work per week. Junior or senior undergraduate students in good academic standing who meet the requirements established for the Proficiency in German program should apply for the internship during the month of November for the spring term and during the month of April for the fall term. Prerequisite: open only to students who are enrolled in the Proficiency in German program and who have complied with the program regulations. Written consent of program coordinator.

GERM 497 INTERNSHIP IN GERMAN (3)

Training and experience using German in working with government, business and industry in Maryland or Washington, D.C. under professional supervision.

GRK 103 ANCIENT GREEK ELEMENTS I (3)

Ancient Greek grammar structure and vocabulary related to modern languages. Core: Arts & Humanities.

GRK 104 ANCIENT GREEK ELEMENTS II (3)

Review and further study of grammar, syntax, and vocabulary; drills in morphology and translation; discussion of Greek culture as appropriate. Prerequisite: GRK 103 or equivalent. Core: Global Perspectives.

GRK 203 INTERMEDIATE ANCIENT GREEK I (3)

Review and further study of grammar, syntax, and vocabulary, including all tenses and moods; drills in morphology and translation; discussion of Greek language, culture, and history. Prerequisite: GRK 104 or equivalent. Core: Arts & Humanities.

GRK 204 ANCIENT GREEK INTERMEDIATE II (3)

Review and further study of grammar, syntax and vocabulary, including all tenses and moods; drills in morphology and translation; discussion of Greek language, culture, and history. Prerequisites: GRK 103, GRK 104, and GRK 203 or equivalent. Core: Global Perspectives.

HEBR 101 ELEMENTS OF HEBREW I (3)

An introduction to Hebrew. Speaking, reading, and writing, the development of conversational ability, free composition, and translation from English to Hebrew. Core: Arts & Humanities.

HEBR 102 ELEMENTS OF HEBREW II (3)

An introduction to Hebrew. Speaking, reading, and writing, the development of conversational ability, free composition, and translation from English to Hebrew. Prerequisite: HEBR 101. Core: Global Perspectives.

HEBR 103 BIBLICAL HEBREW I (3)

Introduction to Hebrew with an emphasis on grammar, vocabulary, syntax, and style of Biblical Hebrew. The fundamentals of Hebrew language, preparation to read and translate classical Hebrew texts. Foundation for continued studies of the classical Hebrew of the Hebrew Bible and rabbinic texts as well as the Hebrew of the contemporary idiom. Core: Arts & Humanities.

HEBR 104 BIBLICAL HEBREW II (3)

Review and further study of grammar, syntax, and vocabulary needed to read and translate classical Hebrew texts. Prerequisite: HEBR 103 or equivalent. Core: Global Perspectives.

HEBR 201 HEBREW INTERMEDIATE I (3)

A continued review of grammatical structure with emphasis on conversational and reading fluency. Vocabulary building, composition and reading and discussion of selected outside readings. Prerequisites: HEBR 102. Core: Arts & Humanities.

HEBR 202 HEBREW INTERMEDIATE II (3)

A continued review of grammatical structure with emphasis on conversational and reading fluency. Vocabulary building, composition and reading and discussion of selected outside readings. Prerequisites: HEBR 201. Core: Global Perspectives.

HEBR 203 BIBLICAL HEBREW III (3)

Intermediate Biblical Hebrew course; concentration complicated structures of Hebrew grammar, morphology, syntax, and vocabulary. Prerequisite: HEBR 104 or consent of instructor. Core: Arts & Humanities.

HEBR 204 BIBLICAL HEBREW IV (3)

Review of elementary Biblical Hebrew language; advanced grammar, morphology, syntax, and vocabulary needed to read and translate Hebrew prose and poetry. Prerequisite: HEBR 203 or equivalent. Core: Global Perspectives.

HEBR 205 CONTEMPORARY HEBREW LITERATURE (3)

Survey of selected short stories in English translation from the time of the Czars in Russia to Israel today.

HEBR 301 HEBREW COMPOSITION AND CONVERSATION I (3)

Intensive exercises in Hebrew composition and conversation beyond the intermediate level. Conducted in Hebrew. Prerequisites: HEBR 201 and HEBR 202 or equivalent or consent of instructor. Core: Arts & Humanities.

HEBR 302 HEBREW COMPOSITION AND CONVERSATION II (3)

Intensive exercises in Hebrew composition and conversation beyond the intermediate level. Conducted in Hebrew. Prerequisites: HEBR 201 and HEBR 202 or equivalent or consent of instructor. Core: Global Perspectives.

HEBR 370 SPECIAL TOPICS IN HEBREW (3)

Specialized topics in Hebrew language and literature. Content varies. May be repeated once for a total of 6 units provided a different topic is covered. Prerequiste: HEBR 202 or HEBR 204 or equivalent, or consent of instructor.

HEBR 391 READING MODERN HEBREW LIT (3)

The reading and literature analysis of selected short stories by the major writers of Hebrew literature in Israel today. Conducted in Hebrew. Prerequisites: HEBR 201 and HEBR 202 or equivalent or consent of instructor.

ITAL 101 ITALIAN ELEMENTS I (3)

Principles of Italian grammar; drills in pronunciation; elementary conversation; composition; readings. Core: Arts & Humanities.

ITAL 102 ITALIAN ELEMENTS II (3)

Review of further study of grammar principles; pronunciation; conversation; composition; readings. Prerequisite: ITAL101. Core: Global Perspectives.

ITAL 201 ITALIAN INTERMEDIATE I (3)

Review of grammar and pronunciation; conversation; reading of cultural texts; oral and written exercises in language lab. Conducted in Italian. Prerequisite: ITAL 102 or equivalent. Core: Arts & Humanities.

ITAL 202 ITALIAN INTERMEDIATE II (3)

Advanced grammar structures; conversation; composition; reading of cultural texts; oral and written exercises in language lab. Conducted in Italian. Prerequisites: ITAL 201 or equivalent. Core: Global Perspectives.

ITAL 301 ADVANCED CONVERSATION (3)

Reading, conversation and composition on topics of cultural and literary interest; grammar and syntax. Conducted in Italian. Prerequisite: ITAL 202 or equivalent. Core: Arts & Humanities.

ITAL 302 ADVANCED COMPOSITION (3)

Written Italian beyond the intermediate level with focus on advanced composition, reading comprehension, and textual analysis. Conducted in Italian. Prerequisite: ITAL 202 or equivalent. Core: Global Perspectives.

ITAL 311 ITALIAN CULTURE AND CIVILIZATION (3)

A comprehensive survey of geography, history, art, music, literature, and cinema of the Italian peninsula, from the Etruscans (ca. 900 BC) to the present. Conducted in Italian. Prerequisite: ITAL 202 or equivalent.

ITAL 321 SURVEY OF ITALIAN LITERATURE I (3)

A thorough examination of Italian literature from the 13th century to the present. Conducted in Italian. Prerequisites: ITAL 201 and ITAL 202.

ITAL 322 SURVEY OF ITALIAN LITERATURE II (3)

A thorough examination of Italian literature from the 13th century to the present. Conducted in Italian. Prerequisites: ITAL 201 and ITAL 202.

ITAL 331 ITALIAN FOR BUSINESS (3)

Introduction to Italian business and economy, with practice in functional spoken and written transactions in Italian. Conducted in Italian. Prerequisite: ITAL 202 or equivalent.

ITAL 341 ITALIAN CINEMA (3)

A survey of Italian cinema, its major movies and most acclaimed directors. Conducted in Italian. Prerequisite: ITAL 202 or equivalent.

ITAL 370 SPECIAL TOPICS IN ITALIAN (3)

Specialized topics in language and culture. Content varies. May be repeated for a maximum of 12 units provided a different topic is covered each time. Prerequisite: ITAL 202 or equivalent.

ITAL 371 SPECIAL TOPICS IN ITALIAN (3-6)

Specialized topics in language and culture. Content varies. May be repeated for a maximum of 12 units provided a different topic is covered each time. Prerequisite: ITAL 202 or equivalent.

ITAL 491 DIRECTED READINGS IN ITALIAN (3)

Reserved for advanced students under the guidance of a department adviser. For seniors minoring in Italian only. Conducted in Italian. Prerequisites: at least 6 units of study of Italian at the 300 level and department consent.

ITAL 494 TRAVEL STUDY ABROAD (3-16)

Italian language, culture, civilization and literature at approved study abroad sites in Italy. Prerequisite: approval of department chair.

ITAL 497 INTERNSHIP IN ITALIAN (3)

Training and experience using Italian with government, business, and industry in Maryland or Washington, D.C., under professional supervision. Prerequisites: 6 credits of Italian at the 300 level and written consent of the program coordinator; Italian minors only.

JPNS 101 JAPANESE ELEMENTS I (3)

Development of elementary vocabulary and sentences, forms of written language, conversation, composition and translation. Uses the techniques of programmed instruction. Core: Arts & Humanities.

JPNS 102 JAPANESE ELEMENTS II (3)

Development of elementary vocabulary and sentences, forms of written language, conversation, composition and translation. Uses the techniques of programmed instruction. Not open to students who have successfully completed JPNS 201, JPNS 202, JPNS 301 or JPNS 302. Prerequisite: JPNS 101. Core: Global Perspectives.

JPNS 201 JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE I (3)

Review of elementary Japanese; intermediate Kanji; conversation and prose composition; translations; outside readings commensurate with the ability of the individual student. Uses the techniques of programmed instruction. Prerequisite: JPNS 102. Core: Arts & Humanities.

JPNS 202 JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE II (3)

Review of elementary Japanese; intermediate Kanji; conversation and prose composition; translations; outside readings commensurate with the ability of the individual student. Uses the techniques of programmed instruction. Prerequisite: JPNS 201. Core: Global Perspectives.

JPNS 301 JAPANESE COMPOSITION AND CONVERSATION I (3)

Composition and conversation beyond the intermediate level. Conducted in Japanese. Prerequisites: JPNS 201 and JPNS 202 or equivalent. Core: Arts & Humanities.

JPNS 302 JAPANESE COMPOSITION AND CONVERSATION II (3)

Composition and conversation beyond the intermediate level. Conducted in Japanese. Prerequisites: JPNS 201 and JPNS 202 or equivalent. Core: Global Perspectives.

JPNS 311 JAPANESE CULTURE AND CIVILIZATION THROUGH MANGA (3)

Overview of the history and culture of Japan from 1868 to 1989 through manga. Conducted in Japanese. Prerequisite: JPNS 301 or equivalent.

JPNS 492 DIRECTED READINGS IN JAPANESE (1-3)

Independent reading in sources written in Japanese. Prerequisites: JPNS 301 and JPNS 302 or equivalent, consent of department chair.

JPNS 494 JAPANESE TRAVEL & STUDY ABROAD (3-16)

Study of language, literature and/or culture at a Japanese University. Contact department chair and Office of International Education. Prerequisites: consent of Japanese Study Abroad Program and department chair.

LATN 101 LATIN ELEMENTS I (3)

Principles of Latin grammar and syntax; drills in morphology and translation; introduction to Roman culture as appropriate; elementary composition; readings. Core: Arts & Humanities.

LATN 102 LATIN ELEMENTS II (3)

Review and further study of grammar and syntax, drills in morphology and translation; discussion of Roman culture as appropriate; composition; readings. Prerequisite: LATN101. Core: Global Perspectives.

LATN 201 LATIN INTERMEDIATE I (3)

Review of elementary grammar and syntax, continuing to advanced structures; composition; study of Roman culture as appropriate. Prerequisite: LATN 101 or equivalent. Core: Arts & Humanities.

LATN 202 LATIN INTERMEDIATE II (3)

Review of elementary grammar and syntax and introduction to most advanced structures; composition; study of Roman culture as appropriate; introduction to Latin stylistics through study of longer passages from ancient authors. Prerequisite: LATN 201 or equivalent. Core: Global Perspectives.

LATN 301 ADVANCED READINGS IN LATIN I (3)

Study and translation of selected texts from Latin authors with special attention to review of grammar, syntax and vocabulary. Prerequisite: LATN 202 or equivalent. Core: Arts & Humanities.

LATN 302 ADVANCED READINGS IN LATIN II (3)

Study and translation of selected texts from Latin authors with special attention to Roman history and culture. Discussion of varying approaches to translation. Prerequisites: LATN 301 or equivalent. Core: Global Perspectives.

PORT 101 PORTUGUESE ELEMENTS I (3)

A thorough foundation in grammar; drills in pronunciation; elementary conversation; composition and translation. Core: Arts & Humanities.

PORT 102 PORTUGUESE ELEMENTS II (3)

A thorough foundation in grammar; drills in pronunciation; elementary conversation; composition and translation. Prerequisite: PORT 101. Core: Global Perspectives.

PORT 201 PORTUGUESE INTERMEDIATE I (3)

Review of grammar; conversation and prose composition; translation of texts of cultural value; outside readings. Prerequisite: PORT 102. Core: Arts & Humanities.

PORT 202 PORTUGUESE INTERMEDIATE II (3)

Review of grammar; conversation and prose composition; translation of texts of cultural value; outside readings. Prerequisite: PORT 201. Core: Global Perspectives.

PORT 301 COMPOSITION AND CONVERSATION IN PORTUGUESE (3)

Reading, conversation and composition on topics of cultural and literary interest; grammar and syntax. Conducted in Portuguese. Prerequisite: PORT 202 or equivalent. Core: Arts & Humanities.

RUSS 101 RUSSIAN ELEMENTS I (3)

A thorough foundation in grammar; drills in pronunciation; elementary conversation; composition and translation. Not open to native or heritage speakers without consent of instructor. Core: Arts & Humanities.

RUSS 102 RUSSIAN ELEMENTS II (3)

A thorough foundation in grammar; drills in pronunciation; elementary conversation; composition and translation. Not open to native or heritage speakers without consent of instructor. Prerequisite: RUSS 101. Core: Global Perspectives.

RUSS 201 RUSSIAN INTERMEDIATE I (3)

Review of grammar; conversation and prose composition; translation of texts of cultural value; outside readings. Not open to native or heritage speakers without consent of instructor. Prerequisite: RUSS 102 or equivalent. Core: Arts & Humanities.

RUSS 202 RUSSIAN INTERMEDIATE II (3)

Review of grammar; conversation and prose composition; translation of texts of cultural value; outside readings. Not open to native or heritage speakers without consent of instructor. Prerequisite: RUSS 201 or equivalent. Core: Global Perspectives.

RUSS 301 RUSSIAN COMPOSITION AND CONVERSATION I (3)

Review of grammar; conversation and prose composition; translation of texts of cultural value. Conducted in Russian. Not open to native or heritage speakers without consent of the instructor. Prerequisites: RUSS 202 or equivalent. Core: Arts & Humanities.

RUSS 302 RUSSIAN COMPOSITION AND CONVERSATION II (3)

Review of grammar; conversation and prose composition; translation of texts of cultural value. Conducted in Russian. Not open to native or heritage speakers without consent of the instructor. Prerequisite: RUSS 301 or equivalent. Core: Global Perspectives.

SPAN 101 SPANISH ELEMENTS I (3)

Principles of Spanish grammar; drills in pronunciation; elementary conversation; composition; readings. Not open to students who have successfully completed SPAN 102, SPAN 201, SPAN 202, SPAN 301 or SPAN 302. Prerequisite: placement exam score. Core: Arts & Humanities.

SPAN 102 SPANISH ELEMENTS II (3)

Review and further study of grammar principles; pronunciation; conversation; composition; readings. Not open to students who have successfully completed SPAN 201, SPAN 202, SPAN 301 or SPAN 302. Prerequisite: SPAN 101 or the equivalent as indicated by the Placement Test score. Core: Global Perspectives.

SPAN 201 SPANISH INTERMEDIATE I (3)

Review of grammar and pronunciation; conversation; composition; reading of cultural texts; oral and written exercises in language lab. Conducted in Spanish. Not open to students who have successfully completed SPAN 202, SPAN 301 or SPAN 302. Students who have successfully completed the honors version of this course (SPAN 203) will not receive additional credit for this course. Prerequisite: SPAN 102 or the equivalent as indicated by the Placement Test score. Core: Arts & Humanities.

SPAN 202 SPANISH INTERMEDIATE II (3)

Advanced grammar structures; conversation; composition; reading of cultural texts; oral and written exercises in language lab. Conducted in Spanish. Not open to students who have successfully completed SPAN 301 or SPAN 302. Students who have successfully completed the honors version of this course (SPAN 204) will not receive additional credit for this course. Prerequisite: SPAN 201 or the equivalent as indicated by the Placement Test score. Core: Global Perspectives.

SPAN 203 HONORS SPANISH INTERMEDIATE I (3)

Review of grammar; conversation and prose composition; translation of tests of cultural value; outside readings commensurate and with the ability of the individual student. Conducted in Spanish. Honors College course. Students who have successfully completed the non-honors version of this course will not receive additional credit for this course. Prerequisite: SPAN 102 or equivalent; admission into the Honors College. Core: Arts & Humanities.

SPAN 204 HONORS SPANISH INTERMEDIATE II (3)

Continuing study of grammar structures; conversation and prose composition; reading, translation, and discussion of texts of cultural value; outside readings commensurate with the ability of the individual student. Honors College course. Students who have successfully completed the non-honors version of this course will not receive additional credit for this course. Prerequisite: SPAN 201, SPAN 203, or equivalent. Core: Global Perspectives.

SPAN 211 SPANISH FOR THE HEALTH PROFESSIONS (3)

Advanced grammar structures; conversation; composition; reading of cultural texts; oral and written exercises in language lab related to the health professions. Conducted in Spanish. Prerequisites: SPAN 102 or equivalent. Not open to students who have taken SPAN 201.

SPAN 300 SPANISH PRONUNCIATION (3)

Introduction to pronunciation. Emphasis on articulation and production of sounds in Spanish. Extensive speaking practice. Contrastive analysis with English sounds. Prerequisite: SPAN 202 or equivalent; not open to students who are currently taking or have previously taken SPAN 306, SPAN 311, SPAN 312, SPAN 321, or SPAN 322.

SPAN 301 COMPOSITION AND CONVERSATION I (3)

Reading, conversation and composition on topics of cultural and literary interest; grammar and syntax. Conducted in Spanish. Not open to those who have successfully completed SPAN 303. Prerequisite: SPAN 202 or equivalent as indicated by the Placement Test score. Core: Arts & Humanities.

SPAN 302 COMPOSITION AND CONVERSATION II (3)

Reading, conversation and composition on topics of cultural and literary interest; review of grammar and syntax as needed. Conducted in Spanish. Not open to those who have successfully completed SPAN 304. Prerequisite: SPAN 301 or equivalent. Core: Global Perspectives.

SPAN 303 SPANISH FOR HERITAGE SPEAKERS I (3)

Development of the formal Spanish skills of heritage speakers through cultural readings highlighting the contributions made by Hispanics to the world. Open only to heritage speakers of Spanish. Not open to native speakers or those who have successfully completed SPAN 301. Prerequisites: placement exam and consent of department. Core: Arts & Humanities.

SPAN 304 SPANISH FOR HERITAGE SPEAKERS II (3)

Development of the formal Spanish skills of heritage speakers through cultural readings highlighting the contributions made by Hispanics to the world. Conducted in Spanish. Open only to heritage speakers of Spanish. Not open to native speakers or to those who have successfully completed SPAN 302. Prerequisite: SPAN 303 or placement exam and consent of department. Core: Global Perspectives.

SPAN 305 READINGS IN SPANISH (3)

Improves reading and comprehension skills in Spanish, while exposing students to introductory Spanish literature. Prerequisite: SPAN 202 or equivalent; not open to students who are currently taking or have previously taken SPAN 311, SPAN 312, SPAN 321, or SPAN 322.

SPAN 306 SPANISH PHONETICS (3)

Analysis and laboratory drills of standard Latin American pronunciation with some attention to Castilian. Conducted in Spanish. Prerequisites: SPAN 301 and SPAN 302 or equivalent.

SPAN 311 CULTURE AND CIVILIZATION OF SPAIN (3)

Value-system and way of life as embodied in the language, history, arts, and customs of Spain. Conducted in Spanish. Prerequisites: SPAN 301 and SPAN 302 and one of the following: SPAN 306, SPAN 320, SPAN 391, SPAN 407, or SPAN 408.

SPAN 312 CULTURE AND CIVILIZATION OF LATIN AMERICA (3)

Value-system and way of life as embodied in the language, history, arts and customs of Ibero-America. Prerequisites: SPAN 301 and SPAN 302 and one of the following: SPAN 306, SPAN 320, SPAN 391, SPAN 407, or SPAN 408.

SPAN 320 INTRODUCTION TO LITERATURE IN SPANISH (3)

Introduction to the study of literature written in Spanish emphasizing the vocabulary and concepts needed for literary analysis. Prerequisites: (SPAN 301 and SPAN 302) or (SPAN 303 and SPAN 304) or equivalent; not open to students who are currently taking or have previously taken SPAN 311, SPAN 312, SPAN 321, or SPAN 322.

SPAN 321 SURVEY OF SPANISH LITERATURE (3)

Survey of major literary works produced in Spain throughout the centuries. Conducted in Spanish. Prerequisites: SPAN 301 and SPAN 302 and one of the following: SPAN 306, SPAN 320, SPAN 391, SPAN 407, or SPAN 408.

SPAN 322 SURVEY OF SPANISH-AMERICAN LITERATURE (3)

Survey of major literary works produced in Spanish America throughout the centuries. Conducted in Spanish. Prerequisites: SPAN 301 and SPAN 302 and one of the following: SPAN 306, SPAN 320, SPAN 391, SPAN 407, or SPAN 408.

SPAN 331 SPANISH FOR BUSINESS (3)

The fundamentals of commercial correspondence in Spanish. Focuses on the form and style of Spanish currently used in a business environment. Intensive practice in speaking, writing, and translating. Prerequisites: SPAN 301 or SPAN 303, SPAN 302 or SPAN 304, SPAN 311 or SPAN 312, and SPAN 321 or SPAN 322.

SPAN 370 SPECIAL TOPICS IN SPANISH (3)

Specialized topics in language and culture. Content varies. May be repeated once for a maximum of 6 units provided a different topic is covered. Prerequisite: SPAN 202 or equivalent.

SPAN 391 ADVANCED SPANISH GRAMMAR (3)

Spanish syntax, idiomatic construction, word formation, original composition. Conversation and oral drill. Conducted in Spanish. Prerequisites: SPAN 301 and SPAN 302.

SPAN 402 ASPECTS OF SPANISH LINGUISTICS (3)

Linguistic and structural features of the Spanish language are examined. Conducted in Spanish. Prerequisites: SPAN 301 or SPAN 303, SPAN 302 or SPAN 304, SPAN 311 or SPAN 312, and SPAN 321 or SPAN 322.

SPAN 407 CREATIVE WRITING IN SPANISH (3)

Development of composition skills through creative writing. Conducted in Spanish. Prerequisites: SPAN 301 and SPAN 302 or equivalent.

SPAN 408 SPANISH IN THE COMMUNITY (3)

Development of advanced skills to participate in both formal and informal conversation, social and abstract topics. Conducted in Spanish. Prerequisites: SPAN 301 and SPAN 302 or equivalent.

SPAN 409 SPANISH TRANSLATION (3)

Translation theory and practice - English to Spanish and Spanish to English. Prerequisites: SPAN 301 or SPAN 303, SPAN 302 or SPAN 304, SPAN 311 or SPAN 312, and SPAN 321 or SPAN 322.

SPAN 412 CONTEMPORARY SPANISH NOVEL (3)

Emphasis on such writers as Cela, Sender, Delibes, and Goytisolo. Conducted in Spanish. Prerequisites: SPAN 301 or SPAN 303, SPAN 302 or SPAN 304, SPAN 311 or SPAN 312, and SPAN 321 or SPAN 322.

SPAN 417 GOLDEN AGE IN SPANISH LITERATURE I (3)

Principal attention to Cervantes, Tirso de Molina, Lope de Vega, and Ruiz de Alarcon. Conducted in Spanish. Prerequisites: SPAN 301 or SPAN 303, SPAN 302 or SPAN 304, SPAN 311 or SPAN 312, and SPAN 321 or SPAN 322.

SPAN 431 19TH CENTURY SPANISH LITERATURE (3)

The main literary movement of the century: neo-classicism, romanticism, realism, naturalism, and special emphasis on "costumbrismo." Conducted in Spanish. Prerequisites: SPAN 301 or SPAN 303, SPAN 302 or SPAN 304, SPAN 311 or SPAN 312, and SPAN 321 or SPAN 322.

SPAN 455 HISPANIC POPULAR CULTURES (3)

Analysis of a topic concerned with Hispanic folklore and popular cultures. May be repeated for a maximum of 6 units. Prerequisites: SPAN 301 or SPAN 303, SPAN 302 or SPAN 304, SPAN 311 or SPAN 312, and SPAN 321 or SPAN 322.

SPAN 465 FILM AND SOCIETY IN THE SPANISH-SPEAKING WORLD (3)

Comparative examination of the complex relationships between film and society in the Spanish-speaking world. Course conducted in Spanish. May be repeated for a maximum of six units when a different subject area is covered. Prerequisites: SPAN 301 or SPAN 303, SPAN 302 or SPAN 304, SPAN 311 or SPAN 312, and SPAN 321 or SPAN 322.

SPAN 470 SPECIAL TOPICS IN SPANISH (3)

Discussion of a central topic with changing emphasis from year to year. May be repeated for credit provided a different topic is covered. Prerequisites: SPAN 301 or SPAN 303, SPAN 302 or SPAN 304, SPAN 311 or SPAN 312, and SPAN 321 or SPAN 322.

SPAN 480 HISPANIC CULTURES IN THE MEDIA (3)

Cultural analysis of media representations of contemporary issues in the Spanish-speaking world. Prerequisites: SPAN 301 or SPAN 303, SPAN 302 or SPAN 304, SPAN 311 or SPAN 312, and SPAN 321 or SPAN 322.

SPAN 481 THE SHORT STORY IN SPANISH (3)

Literary analysis of short stories from Spain and/or Latin America. Conducted in Spanish. Prerequisite: SPAN 321 or SPAN 322 or equivalent.

SPAN 491 DIRECTED READINGS IN SPANISH LITERATURE (1-3)

Reserved for superior students under the guidance of a departmental advisor. For junior or senior majors only. Conducted in Spanish. Prerequisites: SPAN 301 and SPAN 302, and one of the following: SPAN 331, SPAN 409, SPAN 402, SPAN 412, SPAN 417, SPAN 431, SPAN 455, SPAN 465, or SPAN 470; junior/senior majors.

SPAN 492 DIRECTED READINGS IN SPANISH (1-3)

Similar to SPAN 491 with concentration on a different subject matter. Conducted in Spanish. Prerequisites: SPAN 301 and SPAN 302, and one of the following: SPAN 331, SPAN 409, SPAN 402, SPAN 412, SPAN 417, SPAN 431, SPAN 455, SPAN 465, or SPAN 470; junior or senior majors only.

SPAN 494 TRAVEL STUDY ABROAD (3-16)

Study of the main features of Hispanic culture and civilization. Cities and topics to be selected. For complete information contact the chair of the department. Prerequisite: consent of instructor.

SPAN 497 INTERNSHIP IN SPANISH (3)

Gives training and experience using Spanish in working with the government, business, and industry in Maryland or Washington, D.C., under professional supervision. Written consent of coordinator of program. Prerequisites: SPAN 301 and SPAN 302, and one of the following: SPAN 331, SPAN 409, SPAN 402, SPAN 412, SPAN 417, SPAN 431, SPAN 455, SPAN 465, or SPAN 470; junior/senior standing Spanish majors.

Faculty

Professors: Jennifer Ballengee (Chairperson), Isabel Castro-Vázquez, Colleen Ebacher (Graduate Program Director), Margherita Pampinella, Leticia Romo, Katia Sainson

Associate Professors: Ziad Bentahar, German De Patricio, Diego del Pozo, Daniel Hanna, Francisco Martínez Ibarra

Assistant Professors: Francesco Brenna, Ping Fu, Alisha Reaves

Lecturers: Eyal Bor, Laura Callahan, Reiko Nonogaki, Staci Rensch

Clinical Assistant Professor: Jason Begue

Lecturer II: Annette Budzinski-Luftig, Emma Cervone